Motivation and leadership theories - Question Bank
1. The 'expectancy' component in Vroom's Expectancy Theory refers to the belief that:
2. According to Herzberg's theory, job dissatisfaction is primarily caused by poor:
3. Which leadership style is characterized by a hands-off approach where the leader provides minimal guidance?
4. Theory Y, according to McGregor, assumes employees:
5. The 'xy theory' of management, proposed by Douglas McGregor, contrasts two assumptions about employee motivation: Theory X assumes employees are:
6. Which motivation theory focuses on the individual's perception of fairness in social exchanges?
7. The 'idealized influence' component of transformational leadership refers to:
8. Which leadership theory suggests that leaders can be effective in different ways depending on the situation?
9. In Equity Theory, if an individual perceives an imbalance where their outcomes are less than their inputs relative to others, they might:
10. According to Goal-Setting Theory, feedback is crucial because it:
11. Which motivation theory is closely related to the idea of 'operant conditioning'?
12. The concept of 'transformational' leadership implies a focus on:
13. Which of the following is a potential 'out-group' characteristic in LMX theory?
14. The Vroom-Yetton-Jago Decision Model is a prescriptive model that helps leaders determine the appropriate level of:
15. A leader who exhibits high concern for both people and production, according to the Managerial Grid, is described as:
16. The 'Managerial Grid' developed by Blake and Mouton plots concern for people versus concern for:
17. Behavioral theories of leadership focus on:
18. Which leadership trait is consistently identified as important across various leadership theories?
19. According to the Path-Goal Theory, 'directive leadership' is most effective when:
20. The concept of 'job enrichment', often linked to Herzberg's theory, aims to increase motivation by:
21. Which motivation theory emphasizes the importance of intrinsic motivation derived from autonomy, competence, and relatedness?
22. The 'Frustration-Regression' principle in Alderfer's ERG Theory states that:
23. Alderfer's ERG Theory is a modification of Maslow's hierarchy, consolidating the needs into Existence, Relatedness, and:
24. Which motivation theory suggests that individuals are driven by a desire to reduce tension caused by unmet needs?
25. Charismatic leadership is a component often associated with which broader leadership theory?
26. Transactional Leadership focuses on:
27. In LMX theory, 'in-group' members typically have:
28. The Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Theory focuses on the unique relationships that develop between a leader and:
29. Which leadership style in Path-Goal Theory involves consulting with employees and valuing their suggestions?
30. Path-Goal Theory of leadership, developed by Robert House, suggests that leaders should clarify the path to help followers achieve:
31. According to Hersey and Blanchard, a 'selling' or 'coaching' leadership style is appropriate when followers are:
32. Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership Theory suggests that the most effective leadership style depends on the:
33. In Fiedler's model, a 'low LPC' (Least Preferred Co-worker) leader is typically:
34. Fiedler's Contingency Model of Leadership links leadership style with:
35. The Michigan Leadership Studies identified two similar dimensions: Employee Orientation and:
36. The Ohio State Leadership Studies identified two primary dimensions of leader behavior: Consideration and:
37. Which leadership theory focuses on the leader's ability to inspire and motivate followers through a shared vision?
38. Extinction in Reinforcement Theory refers to:
39. Positive reinforcement involves:
40. The core idea of Reinforcement Theory, based on Skinner's work, is that behavior is a function of its:
41. In Equity Theory, 'inputs' refer to:
42. Equity Theory, developed by J. Stacy Adams, suggests that employees are motivated by fairness in the comparison of their inputs and:
43. Goal-Setting Theory, primarily associated with Edwin Locke, posits that specific and challenging goals lead to:
44. The 'I' in Vroom's Expectancy Theory (Instrumentality) refers to the perceived probability that:
45. According to Vroom's Expectancy Theory, motivation is a product of:
46. McClelland's Theory of Needs focuses on three learned needs: need for affiliation, need for power, and need for:
47. Which of the following is considered a 'Hygiene Factor' in Herzberg's theory?
48. Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory distinguishes between motivators and:
49. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which level is immediately above Safety Needs?
50. Which of the following is a content theory of motivation?