Tetravalency of carbon hybridization shapes of molecules classification by functional groups homologous series and isomerism - Online Test

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1. What is the electronic configuration of carbon in its ground state?

A) 1s² 2s² 2p² B) 1s² 2s¹ 2p³ C) 1s² 2p⁴ D) 1s¹ 2s² 2p¹

2. In its excited state, what is the electronic configuration of carbon?

A) 1s² 2s² 2p² B) 1s² 2s¹ 2p³ C) 1s² 2p⁴ D) 1s¹ 2s² 2p³

3. The phenomenon where an atom of a particular element can have different types of hybridization is known as:

A) Isomerism B) Homologous series C) Hybridization D) Tetravalency

4. Which type of hybridization is observed in methane (CH₄)?

A) sp B) sp² C) sp³ D) dsp²

5. What is the geometry of a molecule with sp³ hybridization?

A) Linear B) Trigonal planar C) Tetrahedral D) Square planar

6. In ethene (C₂H₄), what is the hybridization of each carbon atom?

A) sp B) sp² C) sp³ D) d²sp³

7. What is the geometry around each carbon atom in ethyne (C₂H₂)?

A) Linear B) Trigonal planar C) Tetrahedral D) Bent

8. Which hybridization corresponds to a linear geometry?

A) sp² B) sp³ C) sp D) sd²

9. In a molecule with sp² hybridization, the bond angles are approximately:

A) 90° B) 109.5° C) 120° D) 180°

10. The presence of a double bond between carbon atoms indicates which type of hybridization for those carbon atoms?

A) sp B) sp³ C) sp² D) s²p

11. A triple bond between carbon atoms involves which type of hybridization for those carbon atoms?

A) sp² B) sp³ C) sp D) d²sp³

12. Which of the following is NOT a functional group in organic chemistry?

A) -OH (hydroxyl) B) -COOH (carboxyl) C) -CH₃ (methyl) D) -NH₂ (amino)

13. A group of organic compounds having the same functional group and successive members differing by a CH₂ unit is called a:

A) Isomer B) Homologue C) Functional group D) Series

14. Which of the following represents an alkyl group?

A) R-OH B) R-COOH C) R-X D) R-

15. Alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes belong to which class of hydrocarbons?

A) Aromatic hydrocarbons B) Aliphatic hydrocarbons C) Cyclic hydrocarbons D) Heterocyclic hydrocarbons

16. The functional group -CHO is characteristic of which class of compounds?

A) Ketones B) Aldehydes C) Carboxylic acids D) Esters

17. Which functional group contains a carbonyl group bonded to two alkyl or aryl groups?

A) Aldehyde B) Carboxylic acid C) Ketone D) Amide

18. The functional group -COOH is the characteristic group of:

A) Alcohols B) Ethers C) Carboxylic acids D) Esters

19. Compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structural formulas are called:

A) Homologues B) Isotopes C) Isomers D) Allotropes

20. What type of isomerism exists between n-butane and isobutane (2-methylpropane)?

A) Position isomerism B) Chain isomerism C) Functional isomerism D) Metamerism

21. Ethanol and dimethyl ether are examples of:

A) Chain isomers B) Position isomers C) Functional isomers D) Metamers

22. 1-propanol and 2-propanol are examples of:

A) Chain isomers B) Position isomers C) Functional isomers D) Metamers

23. Which of the following pairs represents metamers?

A) Ethanol and propanal B) Diethyl ether and methyl propyl ether C) Butanoic acid and ethyl acetate D) 1-chlorobutane and 2-chlorobutane

24. The simplest alkane is:

A) Ethane B) Propane C) Methane D) Butane

25. The first member of the alkene homologous series is:

A) Ethene B) Propene C) M Ethene D) Butene

26. The general formula for alkanes is:

A) CnH₂n+₂ B) CnH₂n C) CnH₂n-₂ D) CnH₂n+₁

27. The general formula for alkenes is:

A) CnH₂n+₂ B) CnH₂n C) CnH₂n-₂ D) CnH₂n+₁

28. The general formula for alkynes is:

A) CnH₂n+₂ B) CnH₂n C) CnH₂n-₂ D) CnH₂n+₁

29. What is the name of the compound with molecular formula C₃H₈?

A) Propene B) Propyne C) Propane D) Propanal

30. What is the name of the compound with molecular formula C₂H₄?

A) Ethane B) Ethene C) Ethyne D) Ethanol

31. What is the name of the compound with molecular formula C₂H₂?

A) Ethane B) Ethene C) Ethyne D) Ethene oxide

32. Which type of carbon atom is bonded to only one other carbon atom?

A) Primary (1°) B) Secondary (2°) C) Tertiary (3°) D) Quaternary (4°)

33. A carbon atom bonded to three other carbon atoms is classified as:

A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Quaternary

34. In isobutane (2-methylpropane), how many primary carbon atoms are present?

A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

35. In isobutane (2-methylpropane), how many secondary carbon atoms are present?

A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3

36. In neopentane (2,2-dimethylpropane), what is the classification of the central carbon atom?

A) Primary B) Secondary C) Tertiary D) Quaternary

37. Which of the following is a primary alcohol?

A) Propan-1-ol B) Propan-2-ol C) 2-methylpropan-2-ol D) Propanone

38. Which of the following is a secondary alcohol?

A) Ethanol B) Propan-1-ol C) Propan-2-ol D) Methanol

39. Which of the following is a tertiary alcohol?

A) Methanol B) Ethanol C) Propan-1-ol D) 2-methylpropan-2-ol

40. The carbon atoms in benzene (C₆H₆) are hybridized as:

A) sp B) sp² C) sp³ D) d²sp³

41. The shape of a molecule with sp² hybridization is:

A) Linear B) Tetrahedral C) Trigonal planar D) Bent

42. The classification of organic compounds is primarily based on:

A) Molecular weight B) Number of carbon atoms C) Presence of specific functional groups D) Boiling point

43. Which of the following is a characteristic of a homologous series?

A) Same physical properties B) Different functional groups C) Gradual change in physical properties D) Different molecular formulas with no pattern

44. Stereoisomerism is a type of isomerism where isomers have:

A) Different connectivity of atoms B) Same molecular formula but different structural formula C) Same structural formula but different spatial arrangement of atoms D) Different functional groups

45. Geometric isomerism (cis-trans isomerism) is possible in compounds with:

A) Single bonds and free rotation B) Double bonds or rings and restricted rotation C) Only single bonds D) Only triple bonds

46. Optical isomerism arises due to the presence of:

A) A double bond B) A chiral center (e.g., a carbon atom bonded to four different groups) C) A triple bond D) A simple functional group

47. The number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in ethene is:

A) 5 sigma, 1 pi B) 4 sigma, 2 pi C) 6 sigma, 1 pi D) 5 sigma, 2 pi

48. The number of sigma bonds and pi bonds in ethyne is:

A) 3 sigma, 2 pi B) 2 sigma, 3 pi C) 4 sigma, 1 pi D) 3 sigma, 1 pi

49. The term 'tetravalency' for carbon refers to its ability to form how many covalent bonds?

A) Two B) Three C) Four D) Six

50. Which of the following is an example of a cycloalkane functional group?

A) -OH B) -COOH C) Cyclo- D) -NH₂

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